Electric heating apparatus.



W. S. HADAWAY, h. ELECTRIC HEATING APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED MAY 1, 1909.

1,046,777. Patented De0.10,1912.'

' i a SHEETS-SHEET 1.

BY v 2 ATTORNEY w. s. HADAWAY, JE-

ELBGTRIG HEATING APPARATUS.

APPLIUATION FILED MAY 1, 1909.

Patented Dec. 10, 1912.

' 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WlTNESSES: VENTOR v ATTORNEY APPLIOATION FILED MAY 1, 1909. I

Patented Dec. 10, 1912.

s SHEETSJSHEETB.

. INVENTOR Y BY WITNESSES:

ATTORNEY I and a resident of East Orange, of Essex and UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM S. HADAWAY, JR, OF EAST ORANGE, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR T WEST- INGHOUSE ELECTRIC PENNSYLVANIA.

AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A

Specification of Letters Patent.

CORPORATION OF ELECTRIC HEATING APPARATUS.

Patented Dec. 10, 1912.

Application filed May 1, 1909. Serial No. 498,409.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM S. HADA- WAY, Jr., a citizen of the United States, in the county State of New Jersey, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Electric Heating Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to electric heating apparatus and particularly to electrically heated sad irons and other devices of general utility.

One ob ect of my invention is to provide a means which shall be dependent upon a predetermined temperature for automati-.

cally producing a positive dynamic action and a second ob ect is to apply the means just referred to to an electrica ly heated sad iron or similar device for interrupting the circuit of the heating element when a predetermined temperature is exceeded in the device.

, mostat is such In'my copending application, Serial No. 493,404, filed of even date illustrated and describeda combined thermostat and electric heater comprising a heating element suitably inclosed inand insulated from a sheath composed of unlike metals welded or otherwise secured together at theiredges. Thestructure of this therthat a movement of an arm or indicator may be efiected by variations of temperature in the surrounding medium when the heating element is electrically disqonnected.

. According to my present inventionfl'have utilized this relatively slight movement for establishing an electric circuit. through the heating element, of which the thermostat is composed, thereby, effecting a positive dynamic action of the arm, which is opeTramechanical movement produced by this 4 iron embodying my means may be utilized for various purposes,

as hereinafter more fully pointed out.

Figure 1 of the accompanyin drawings is a plan view, with'certain o the arts electrically heate .sad invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the structure shown in Fig.

broken away, of an and thermostat 4 and herewith, I have outer end by means 1, and Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view showing the circuit connections for the heating element and the thermostat which are embodied in the structure of the sad iron.- Figs. 4 and 5 are views at right angles to each other, and Figs 6, 7 and 8 are detail views, on a larger scale, of the combined electric heater and thermostat shown in the other figures. Figs. 9 and 10 are diagrammatic views which are illustrative of other applications of my invention.

Referring to Figs. 1 to 8, inclusive, the electrically heated sad iron here shown com-. prises a base plate 1, a body member 2, a resistance or heating element 3 interposed between the two, a combined electric heater a circuit interrupter 5. The resistance or heatin element 3 may be of any suitable form, being preferably constructed in accordance with my copending application, Serial No. 445,199, com rising aslotted resistance ribbon 6 assemb ed be tween insulating plates or sheets I which are adapted to be fused together-upon the application of heat in such a way that the ribbon is practically embedded in homo-- geneous insulation.

{The combined electric heater and thermostat, hereinafter referred *to as the thermostat 4, comprises a resistance element 8 which is inclosed by and insulated from a metal sheath 9 composed of strips 10 of unlike metals welded together at their edges. The rod or bar thus formed is bent into the form of a spiral (see Figs. 1 and 4 of the drawings) and is rigidly supported at its of a relatlvely stationary bracket, 11. A contact arm 12 is secured to a shaft 13 which is rotatably supported by projections 14 on the-bracket 11, with -its axis substantially coincident with that of thespiral. The arm 12 is so connected to the inner end of the spiral that the movement of the thermostat, caused by variations in temperature, effects a rotative movement of the said arm'in the one direction or the other. mounted within a. chamber, or recess 15. in the body member 2 of; the sad iron, and the outer end of the arm 12 is adapted to engage The thermostat 4 is opposition to theaction of the s ring 21.-

The operation of the device willbe readily understood from the diagram of Fig. 3, to which reference may now be had. The heating element 6 of the device is interposed in circuit between one termin which may be connected to one side of any suitable supply circuit 2526,' and the con-' tact ring segment 17, The co 1116111318 and the contact connected to the opposite terminal 27 of the device. Thejresistanc "thermostat is interposed in circuit between the ring segment 16 and the contact member 21. Thearrangement of parts is such that, under normal conditions, the --contact.

arm 12 engages the contact rin l7 and 18, so that a circuit is from the lineonductor 26 through the terminalj.2et,resi tance 6, contact segments 17 and 18, and the terminal 27 to the opposite .30

fss;

a plurality of stationa men'ts 16, 17 and 18, as here ry cont-act ring segreduction in the current traversing both inafte-r describe the resistance elements. Under these con- The switch 5 comprises a stationary oon-' ditions, the thermostat constitutes a storage tact member 19, a movable contact member reservoir and serves to supply heat to the 20 secured to the outer end or spring21, which cotipe push button 22 for closin of a resilient arm working surface of the iron, if it is, brought rates therewith a into service before the heat has risen sulfig the switch an a ciently, during a' temporary period of idlelatch 23 for holding the switch closed, in ness, to open the switch 5. In this way, the

line conductor 25.

f the supply circuit of the electri iron is not mterrupted, when the dev not in use, the heat to which the thermostat is subjected will, ofcourse, crease and a relatively wi the contact arm -12 will resu 'Inent serves to bring the contact engagement with the se completing a branch cir merit 17 through contact member 16, resistancelelement 8 of the thermostat, switch 5 and terminal 27 to the line conductor 25. Electric energy is thus supplied to the resistance element of the therm e element 8 of thesequently, a positive move 12 results. This. movement'is m to release the latch 23, the end 0 12, coming into engagement with one end of the latch, and to open the. circuits established through the resistance element 6 of the heater and the resistance element 8 of the thermostat.. In order to close this circuit, it is necessary to press the push button 22 to permit the latch 23 to again catch the extremity of the spring contact member 21.

If the thermostat is adapted to be'automatically connected in series relation to the eater, instead of y across the circuit, device exceeds a determined amount, the action of the therthe device will be resistance element of the h belng :connected directl when the heat in the mostat in cutting out somewhat delayed beca use of the resulting ntact ring segmember 19 are both g segments established gradually. in de movement of This movearm 12 into gment 16, thereby cuit from the segostat and, conment of the arm lied upon f the arm pre- heat of the thermostat is added'to that of the heater during short inactive periods. Reference may now be had to Figs. 9 and 10 of the drawings, in which like parts are designated by the same reference characters. In Fig. 9, the armu12 of the thermostat is 'connected by a lost-motion connection to the stem 28 of a valve 29.

The peration of the system is as follows: If it is assumed that the thermostat is located i; a room to be heated by means of steam or hot water, which is admitted to suitable radiators through the valve 29, and the parts are in the positions indicated in thedrawing; as soon as the temperature of the room rises above'a predetermined degree, the arm 12 will gradually take up the lost motion in its connection to-the valve stem and will move into engagement with members 30 are bridged, an electric circuit is established from any suitable source, such as generator 31, through conductor 32, the resistanceelenlent of coil 8, conductor 33, contact members 30, arm 12, conductor 34, contact member 35, a switch blade 36 and conductor 37 to the opposite terminal of the generator 31.

The current which-flows through the resistance element of the coil 8 will raise the temperature of such element sufliciently to move the arm 12 such further distance as to close the valve 29 and separate the switch blade 36 from the contact terminal-35 and thus interrupt the flow of current through the thermostat. As soon as the circuit is interrupted, the thermostat will gradually return to the position which it normally occupies, by reason of the. temperature of the room, and the valve will be gradually opened by a spring 38. The switch blade 36 will be returned to the position shown in the diagram, by a spring 36 as soon as the position of the arm 12 will permit. The valve repeated by the outer end of the contact arm 12 coming intoengagement. with the contact members 30.

In the arrangement shown in Fig. 10, the thermostat is adapted to close a switch 38 will not be closed again until the process is stationary contact members 30. When the when the temperature falls below a predesufliciently increased to cause the t ermoclosed position will be efiiected As the room lations which I cf the thermostat, conductor to which it is connected, to

i the thermostat.

switch 43, and

.low predetermined limits,

I .a small .aux' iary heater,

It is evident that my invention is applicable to various heating devices for the purpose of securing automatic regulation, and I desire thatonly such limitations in its scope shall be imposed as are indicated in the appended claims.

'I' claim as my invention:

1. The combination with a thermostat having resistance 40, switch 38, contact members 41 (which are bridged by a cofltact arm 12), the magnet winding 42 of a relay switch 43 and a conductor 44 to the opposite terminal of the generator. The relay switch 43 is closed, when its magnet is energized, and

a circuit is completed from the generator through conductor 45, the resistance element 46, switch 43, 44 to the opposite terminal of the generator. The heat generated in the thermostat causes the arm 12 to rotate in a clockwise direction and to open a damper 48 by causing a positive movement of an actuating rod operatively connected by a lost-motion connection. The arrangement of parts is such that the movement of the arm 12 produces a 90 rotative movement of the damper 48 a resistance bodied therein, of means dependent upon a predetermined movement of the thermostat for automatically supplying electric energy to said element.

2. The combination with a thermostatic member having a normall inactive heatgenerating element embo ied therein, of means for rendering said heat-generating and conductor namic action by said member when a predeso that it comes to rest in its open posltlon. termined and relatively slight movement Assuming that the damper 48 is located in thereof is efiected by externally applied a hot air furnace pipe, it will be understood 'heat. I that the temperature of the room will be 3. The combination with a thermostat raised when the damper is open. When the having a resistance heating element empositive rotative movement of the arm 12 bodied therein, of means dependent upon a urs, its free end engages a projection 49 relatively slight movement of the thermo- With which a switch blade 50 is provided stat for automatically supplying electric and moves the said blade and the blade 38, energy to said heating element break the circuit 4. The combination with a Y which was previously completed through the member having a limited degree of moverelay winding 42 and thus interrupt the supment under the action of external heat, of ply of energy to the resistance element of means controlled by said member for pro- As the thermostat is cooled ducing a further movement thereof.

to the temperature of the room, the arm 12 will gradually return to its mid-position, and, since more heat is continually being supplied to the room through the furnace pipe, the temperature will ultimately be bination with a main stat arm 12 to engage a contact member 52. A circuit will then be completed through the switch 50 and the winding 42 of the relay energy will be supplied to the thermostat as indicated above, and another 90 rotative movement of the damper to its bodied therein, a switch the circuit of the resistance element, and means depen upon a predetermined temperature in for automatically open said switch.

7. In any electrically heated device, the

combination with a resistance element, of a and cooled be-. which may be relatively close together, the damper will be successively opened and closed. In very col weather, the damper would obviousl be open the greater part of the time, an in warm weather, the damper would be closed most of the time. s

My'invention may be utilized in many rehave not specifically set forth, and, in the case of me ting pots for linot e machines and the like, in which it to maintain an approximately constant tem erature, a primary be continually invention may be ap lied to substantially as is successively heated above the thermostat to bodied therein, and means ependent upon a predetermined temperature in the device for automatically supplying energy to the resistance element of the thermostat and interrupting the circuit of both resistance elements by reason of the resulting dynamic action of the thermostat.

8. In a sad iron the combination with an electric heater, 0 resistance element embodied therein an movable under the action of a predetermined the iron to connect its resisthereinbfo're set forth. temperature in element active to produce a positive dy-v thermostatic 5. In anelectric heating device, the comdent heating element ema thermostat having a heater element emsupplying energy thermostat having a resistance element ema thermostat having a 12 5 a 4 I y Y 1946;???

"ance element element tointerrupt the supply of energy 5 to both the heater and said resistance element.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto c i v to a s ou'rce" of energy, said subscl ibed my name this 20th day bf April, thermostat being movable further by the 1909. y action of the heat generated in'its resistance WILLIAM s. HADAWAY, JR.

Witnesses: R. J. DEARBORN, B. B. HINES. 

